Abstract
Optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) has become a hot research topic because of its unique properties due to its spiral distribution of phases. The production and transmission of OAM has also become a necessary condition for effective use of OAM. As an optical waveguide with good propagation properties, optical fibers are used in optical systems supporting OAM. This paper introduces the OAM generation and transmission system based on fiber, summarizes the current photonic crystal fiber, ring core fiber, fiber grating and other all-fiber systems that can support OAM modes, and explains some experimental principles. Finally, an outlook on OAM generation or transmission devices for all-fiber systems is presented, providing a useful reference for future related research.
Highlights
Since Allen et al [1] discovered the orbital angular momentum (OAM) contained in the vortex beam, OAM has been widely used
The OAM-based modular multiplexing communication technology has received widespread attention. mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology increases the efficiency of data transmission by simultaneously transmitting beams of different modes in the same transmission channel
Bai et al [49] proposed the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) of rectangular air holes, which can support up to 46 OAM modes, and the effective refractive index difference (ERID) between vector modes is all above 10−4
Summary
Since Allen et al [1] discovered the orbital angular momentum (OAM) contained in the vortex beam, OAM has been widely used. The OAM beam can be formed by the coupling of the vector mode or the scalar mode in the optical fiber. Bai et al [49] proposed the PCF of rectangular air holes, which can support up to 46 OAM modes, and the effective refractive index difference (ERID) between vector modes is all above 10−4.
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