Generation of Very Low Frequency and Hydromagnetic Emissions

Abstract

COMPARISON of the features of very low frequency emissions (found in the frequency range 400 c/s–10 kc/s) and hydromagnetic emissions (0.2 c/s–5 c/s) reveals a large number of similarities and some dissimilarities. Both similarities and differences suggest that the generation mechanisms for these two phenomena are essentially the same, with very low frequency emissions being generated by electrons and hydromagnetic emissions by protons. A similar conclusion was reached independently by Cornwall1, who examined cyclotron instabilities for energetic electron and proton beams.