Abstract
Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SStMV), an unassigned member of the family Potyviridae, is an emerging cause of sugarcane mosaic disease in Asia. SStMV-free sugarcane was generated from infected plants by in vitro meristem tip culture technology. Meristem-tip explants regenerated satisfactorily when treated with a solution of anti-necrotic compounds (combination of ascorbic acid, cystine hydrochloride and silver nitrate) before culture initiation. None of the plants that generated from meristem tips showed visible mosaic symptoms even after 12 months of cultivation. When indexed by bioassay on Sorghum bicolor cv. Rio and direct antigen coating-ELISA (DAC-ELISA), all of the regenerated plants were negative for SStMV infection. When tested by immunocapture-reverse transcription-PCR (IC-RT-PCR), ~92% of the micropropagated plants were SStMV-free and the remaining plants found to be positive for SStMV infections. This confirms the higher sensitivity of IC-RT-PCR over bioassay and DAC-ELISA. In vitro meristem tip culture in combination with sensitive molecular detection tests appears to be a rapid and reliable approach for generation of SStMV-free sugarcane planting material from infected sugarcane germplasm.
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