Abstract
As a promising new way to generate a controllable strong magnetic field, laser-driven magnetic coils have attracted interest in many research fields. In 2013, a kilotesla level magnetic field was achieved at the Gekko XII laser facility with a capacitor–coil target. A similar approach has been adopted in a number of laboratories, with a variety of targets of different shapes. The peak strength of the magnetic field varies from a few tesla to kilotesla, with different spatio-temporal ranges. The differences are determined by the target geometry and the parameters of the incident laser. Here we present a review of the results of recent experimental studies of laser-driven magnetic field generation, as well as a discussion of the diagnostic techniques required for such rapidly changing magnetic fields. As an extension of the magnetic field generation, some applications are discussed.
Highlights
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) plays a fundamental role in a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, such as cooling of white dwarf stars[1], amplification of magnetic fields (B-fields) in supernova remnants[2], formation of solar flares[3], filamentary structures on the sun[4], young stellar objects [5], accretion disks[6], and magnetic reconnection[7, 8]
The dynamics and stability of such astrophysical phenomena are governed by interactions between plasmas and magnetic fields, and these interactions have been widely studied in laboratory experiments
B-dot measurements usually suffer from strong electromagnetic pulse noise from laser–plasma interactions, and it is necessary to adopt techniques that can distinguish between the signal from the magnetic coil and that from laser–plasma interactions
Summary
A flux density in the kilotesla region is needed to reveal the effect of B-fields under the conditions of a laser-ablated high-energy-density plasma. B-fields are directly produced by lasers, but may be self-generated in plasma flow systems, as a sub-production of the perturbations[27] or filamentations[21, 28] caused by hydrodynamic instabilities. These B-fields can be further amplified to the tens of kilotesla level by plasma compression[13, 14, 29]. The use of a capacitor–coil (CC) target to generate a controllable B-field was proposed and realized on the Lekko VIII laser system by Daido et al.[30] in 1986. Current (kA) 100 n.a. 8600b 82 250 340 22 200 180 a B-field at 650 μm from the coil center. b This value could be overestimated, since the measured B-field of 1.5 kT might not result directly from the coil, and plasma compression effects could be included. c B-field at 250 μm from the coil center. d I λ2 of laser irradiated on each CC target
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