Abstract
Abstract. With the development of medical technique and computational electromagnetics, high resolution anatomic human models have already been widely developed and used in computation of electromagnetic fields induced in human body. Although these so called voxel-based human models are powerful tools for research on electromagnetic safety, their unchangeable standing posture makes it impossible to simulate a realistic scenario in which people have a lot of different postures. This paper describes a poser program package which was developed as an improved version of the free-from deformation technique to overcome this problem. It can set rotation angles of different human joints and then deform the original human model to make it have different postures. The original whole-body human model can be deformed smoothly, continuity of internal tissues and organs is maintained and the mass of different tissues and organs can be conserved in a reasonable level. As a typical application of the postured human models, this paper also studies the effect of the step voltage due to a lightning strike on the human body. Two voxel-based human body models with standing and walking posture were developed and integrated into simulation models to compute the current density distribution in the human body shocked by the step voltage. In order to speed up the transient simulation, the reduced c technique was used, leading to a speedup factor of around 20. The error introduced by the reduced c technique is discussed and simulation results are presented in detail.
Highlights
Since coming into being in the last century, medical imaging technique has developed rapidly
As a typical application of the postured human models, this paper studies the effect of the step voltage due to a lightning strike on the human body
In order to solve this problem, several deformed voxel-based human models have already been developed, such as the sitting human models developed by Dawson et al (1999), Allen et al (2003, 2005), Findlay and Dimbylow (2005, 2006) et al.; the deformed human model with outstretched or forward stretched arms developed by Dawson et al (1999, 2002), Findlay and Dimbylow (2005); and the deformed human models with several different postures developed by Nagaoka and Watanabe (2008)
Summary
Since coming into being in the last century, medical imaging technique has developed rapidly Nowadays, it allows the construction of digital three-dimensional computational human models based on actual anatomy of individual humans by scanning a real person by means of computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. It allows the construction of digital three-dimensional computational human models based on actual anatomy of individual humans by scanning a real person by means of computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques The usefulness of these so-called voxel-based human body models lies in their faithful representation of human anatomy. Until now there are already more than twenty voxel-based human models reported including different ethnicities, ages, sizes, heights and genders (Caon, 2004). Apart from that deformation of the knee joint was dealt with separately to avoid unreasonable deformation of the femur and tibia, and to rotate the patella into its right position when the knee joint is bent
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