Generation of perfect vector beams based on the combined modulation of dynamic and geometric phases

Abstract

Based on the combined modulation of geometric phase introduced by a metasurface and dynamic phase created by a plano-convex lens, we propose and demonstrate a simple and convenient method to generate perfect vector beams. The metasurface converts an incident Gaussian beam with circular polarization to the higher-order Bessel–Gauss modes. The followed lens realizes the Fourier transformation and produces perfect vortex beam at the focal plane. Furthermore, by controlling the incident polarization, we can realize perfect vector beams with desired polarization distributions. The proposed principle may offer a flexible method to engineer phase and polarization in structured light.