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Abstract
An Fe-polyphenol catalyst was recently developed using anhydrous iron (III) chloride and coffee grounds as raw materials. The present study aims to test the application of this Fe-polyphenol catalyst with two hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sources in soil as a new method for controlling the soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and to test the hypothesis that hydroxyl radicals are involved in the catalytic process. Tomato cv. Momotaro was used as the test species. The results showed that powdered CaO2 (16% W/W) is a more effective H2O2 source for controlling bacterial wilt disease than liquid H2O2 (35% W/W) when applied with an Fe-polyphenol catalyst. An electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping method using a 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) assay and Fe-caffeic acid and Fe-chlorogenic acid complexes as models showed that these organometallic complexes react with the H2O2 released by CaO2, producing hydroxyl radicals in a manner that is consistent with the proposed catalytic process. The application of Fe-polyphenol with powdered CaO2 to soil could be a new environmentally friendly method for controlling soil-borne diseases.
Highlights
Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the top ten most scientifically and economically important bacterial species related to plant diseases[1]
Various non-pesticide chemicals can be applied in the field to control bacterial wilt because they are less harmful to the environment; economic considerations often influence the selection of the chemicals for application
The disease incidence was markedly higher in the (+) CNT treatment, which was inoculated with the bacteria and did not receive any treatment material
Summary
Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the top ten most scientifically and economically important bacterial species related to plant diseases[1]. We developed an Fe-polyphenol catalyst using coffee grounds as a raw material, and in a previous study, we demonstrated that this catalyst can be used as an iron fertilizer in agriculture[12,13] and in the Fenton process to disinfect pathogens such as E. coli[14] or to remove methylene blue from water systems[15]. In those works, we proposed that the generation of hydroxyl radicals was responsible for the desired effects. For controlling the soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and to test the involvement of hydroxyl radicals in this process
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