Abstract

In this study, the generation of energetic coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation with the potential for controlled polarization is reported. The XUV radiation results from the process of high harmonic generation (HHG) in a gas phase atomic medium, driven by an intense two-color circularly polarized counter-rotating laser field, under loose focusing geometry conditions. The energy of the XUV radiation emitted per laser pulse is found to be of the order of ~100 nJ with the spectrum spanning from 17 to 26 eV. The demonstrated energy values (along with tight XUV focusing geometries) are sufficient to induce nonlinear processes. Our results challenge current perspectives regarding ultrafast investigations of chiral phenomena in the XUV spectral region.

Highlights

  • Coherent XUV laser-driven sources based on high harmonic generation (HHG) processes have been extensively explored and used for a variety of applications in ultrafast science [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]

  • This is due to the fact that there is lower ionization rate when a bi-chromatic counter rotating circularly polarized laser field interacts with gas phase rare atoms to drive HHG compared to the one of one color be considered being negligible

  • This is due to the fact that there is lower ionization4 oraf 1te0 when a bi-chromatic counter rotating circularly polarized laser field interacts with gas phase rare atoms to drive HHG compared to the one of one color linearly polarized dlirnievaerrlsy, psionlcaeriztheed tdimriveedrse,pseinncdeetnhteetlilmipeticdietype(nεd) einnstiedlelipthtieciptyul(sεe) iinssmidoestthlye εpu>l0seaisssmumositnlgy pεe>rf0ecatsssupmatiinogtepmerpfoercat lspoavteiortlaemp poofratlhoesveerlfaiepldosf.thTehsuesfi, etlhdiss

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Summary

Introduction

Coherent XUV laser-driven sources based on HHG processes have been extensively explored and used for a variety of applications in ultrafast science [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. Many HHG-based experimental strategies have been implemented in the production and characterization of intense attosecond light sources [15,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28] These pulsed sources, which are typically bright enough to induce non-linear processes and temporally short enough to map electronic motion, are mostly limited to emit only linearly polarized radiation (being driven by linearly polarized fundamental laser fields). By implementing counter rotating ω/2ω laser fields, an innovative experimental work in 1995 reported the generation of polarizationdependent high-order harmonics [43] In this case, the polarization state of the higher order harmonics can be fully controlled without significantly reducing the conversion efficiency of the HHG process [33,34]. With respect to the time domain, the electric field resulted by the superposition of the harmonics synthesizes an attosecond pulse train in which each pulse is linearly polarized and the polarization axis rotates by 120◦ from pulse to pulse [33,41,45]

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