Generation of Arbitrary Longitudinal Polarization Vortices by Pupil Function Manipulation

Abstract

The properties of optical vortex provide new insights into a wide range of optical and physical phenomena, giving rise to numerous applications in multiple disciplines. Notably, as much as the associated technologies have become increasingly flexible, it is still challenging to simultaneously generate multiple longitudinal polarization optical vortices with random topological charges (l) and tunable intensities at arbitrary positions. Herein, a novel approach that, by manipulating phase and amplitude at the back pupil of a high numerical‐aperture (NA) objective, realizes arbitrary longitudinal polarization vortices within the tightly focused light field is developed. Building upon the same model, the impacts of polarization on the optical vortex field and its potential of tuning the ratio of the longitudinal polarization component are further investigated.