Abstract
A method to generate a linearly-tapered plasma density to increase the electron energy in laser wakefield acceleration was studied. A gas medium was generated by using a rectangular nozzle that has been designed to generate a uniform gas density with sharp edges. The gas density was measured by using two interferometers. The results showed that the nozzle could generate a flat-top gas profile with sharp edges and that the density linearly decreased along the direction normal to the exit of the nozzle. When the nozzle was rotated relative to the laser, a linearly-tapered plasma density was generated due to the linear dependence of the gas density on the distance to the nozzle. To find the plasma density profile with a rotated nozzle for laser wakefield acceperation experiments, we measured the plasma density by using an interferomter. The measured plasma density showed density gradient of 1 × 1018 cm3/mm, and could be controlled by using the rotation angle of the nozzle.
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