Abstract
Submodule (SM) capacitor voltage and arm voltage balancing are imperative for the reliable operation of modular multilevel converters (MMCs). In this paper, a new, simple and generalized discontinuous space-vector pulse width modulation (PWM)-based SM capacitor voltage balancing approach is proposed and developed within the carrier-based PWM for MMCs. Discontinuous modulation can be achieved by addition of zero-sequence component to the PWM modulator so that MMC arm is clamped to positive or negative dc-bus during a particular interval. In addition, a simple generalized approach for determination of zero-sequence component using the zero vector distribution factor is proposed. The dynamic performance of the proposed generalized discontinuous modulation technique and voltage balancing approach for half-bridge (HB)-SM based 5-level MMC is demonstrated through simulation results in PLECS platform. The proposed scheme is applicable to any number of SMs, any SM type and balanced or unbalanced phase voltages.
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