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Abstract
Abstract We discuss the stability and masses of topological solitons in QCD and strongly-interacting models of electroweak symmetry breaking with arbitrary combinations of two inequivalent Lagrangian terms of fourth order in the field spatial derivatives. We find stable solitons for only a restricted range of the ratio of these combinations, in agreement with previous results, and we calculate the corresponding soliton masses. In QCD, the experimental constraints on the fourth-order terms force the soliton to resemble the original Skyrmion solution. However, this is not necessarily the case in strongly-interacting models of electroweak symmetry breaking, in which a non-Skyrmion-like soliton is also possible. This possibility will be constrained by future LHC measurements and dark matter experiments. Current upper bounds on the electroweak soliton mass range between 18 and 59 TeV, which would be reduced to 4.6 to 8.1 TeV with the likely sensitivity of LHC data to the fourth-order electroweak Lagrangian parameters.
Highlights
We discuss the stability and masses of topological solitons in QCD and stronglyinteracting models of electroweak symmetry breaking with arbitrary combinations of two inequivalent Lagrangian terms of fourth order in the field spatial derivatives
In generic strongly-interacting models there may be a relation between the fourth-order Lagrangian parameters and the electroweak S parameter, but exploring this goes beyond the scope of this paper
One should remember that keeping only one specific fourth-order term, namely the Skyrme term introduced in section 2, gives results accurate to within 20 − 30% in the case of QCD, which would be sufficient for our purposes here
Summary
We discuss constraints on the conventional baryon mass using constraints on the parameters of the low-energy effective chiral Lagrangian for QCD, and constraints on the masses of possible ‘electroweak baryons’ given by the constraints on higher-order electroweak Lagrangian parameters from electroweak theory, current phenomenology and the potential sensitivity from the LHC [44, 58]. Phenomenological constraints on higher-order Lagrangian parameters are often given in terms of the coefficients α4,5 that are related to the parameters s and t discussed in section 2 in the following way [44]:. Limits on electroweak baryon masses are our principal interest, we first discuss the limits that can be derived for ordinary baryons in QCD, comparing the non-Skyrmion case with t = 0 with the conventional Skyrmion case t = 0
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