Abstract
Summary The relation of maternal reinforcement variables to children's reading and math achievement and field independence was tested among 39 semirural low income Anglo-American mothers and their 7- to 9-year-old children. Maternal reward, punishment, and contingency generalized significantly across two novel behavioral tasks, and were more related to children's verbal than quantitative abilities. For all children, reading ability was associated with a rewarding, nonpunitive, noncontingent mother. Math ability was not related to maternal reward, but was related to a nonpunitive, non-contingent mother for boys. Results support previous research indicating different antecedents of verbal and quantitative abilities and previously documented sex differences in the effect of maternal reinforcement variables.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
