Abstract
Combining the second-order entropy flow vector of the causal Israel-Stewart theory with the conformal Killing-vector property of ui/T, where ui is the 4-velocity of the medium and T is its equilibrium temperature, we investigate generalized equilibrium states for cosmological fluids with non-conserved particle number. We calculate the corresponding equilibrium particle production rate and show that this quantity is reduced compared with the results of the previously studied first-order theory. Generalized equilibrium for massive particles turns out to be compatible with a dependence a-2 of the fluid energy density on the scale factor a of the Robertson-Walker metric and may be regarded as a realization of so-called K-matter.
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