Abstract
An equation of state using pressure and temperature as independent variables, including non-equilibrium thermal energies of components and explicit accounting of thermal electron effects, is formulated for multi component mixtures. As pressure equilibration is faster in mixtures, this approach is more suited than earlier schemes using Mie-Gruneisen equation of state. Due to the reliance on enthalpy, in lieu of energy, it is directly applicable also to treat porosity effects. The formulation leads to an expression for mixture volume which consists of a term depended on enthalpy differences of components, in addition to those depending on average mixture parameters. A method to estimate non-equilibrium thermal effects, using component Hugoniot to compute non-equilibrium temperatures, is also proposed in this work. Results obtained for two and three component mixtures compare well with experimental Hugoniot data.
Highlights
Shock wave propagation in composites made of a low density binder and materials of high strengths and stiffness is a topic of current interest due to several applications.[1]
In this paper we have developed a method to compute the Hugoniot of multi-component mixtures using enthalpy based equation of state (EOS)
The possibility of incorporating non-equilibrium thermal effects is included in this model
Summary
Shock wave propagation in composites made of a low density binder and materials of high strengths and stiffness is a topic of current interest due to several applications.[1]. The methods summarized above have been reviewed and discussed recently together with comparison of numerical results.[7,26] The additivity rule is known to provide reasonable accuracy when applied to a large database of mixture data.[8,17] The scheme based on kinetic energy averaging is found to be accurate, simpler compared to that involving average Mie-Gruneisen parameter.[26] Averaging the parameters in the (assumed) linear shock speed vs particle speed relation provides a simple scheme if the components obey linear relations.[1,7] Not withstanding these developments, it is desirable to have a general approach which can provide information on non-equilibrium thermal energy distribution in the components. Numerical results are obtained using a linear thermal model and zero temperature isotherm of Vinet et al[27,28] which is known to provide good accuracy.[29]
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