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Abstract
Taking into account the startup behaviour of following vehicles in the waiting area of urban traffic signal, we propose an extended Nagel-Schreckenberg model for single-lane traffic flow, in which the dynamic behavior of each vehicle depends on not only its own headway but also the headway of the immediately preceding one. The numerical simulation of the present model reproduces some complicated nonlinear phenomena observed in real traffic such as free flow, ghostly blockage, synchronized flow and so on. For specific parameter combinations the flow-density relation of this model shows two meta-stable branches near the transition density from free flow to wide moving traffic jam. Finally, the analytical results of the model under some specific parameters are given by using the mean field theory.
Highlights
The problem of traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious, which seriously affects human life and restricts the development of society
Tinuity description, the gas-kinetic model based on statistics description, and the cellular automaton model based on discreteness description
The first cellular automata model for single-lane traffic flow was proposed by Nagel and Schreckenberg [1], which successfully reproduces some nonlinear phenomena in the real traffic, such as the start-and-stop wave and the ghostly congestion
Summary
The problem of traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious, which seriously affects human life and restricts the development of society. Different types of models have been proposed to simulate real traffic systems, such as the hydrodynamic model based on con-. Among these models, the cellular automaton model has become one of the most widely used models because of its remarkable simplicity of rules and high efficiency of computation [1]-[6]. The first cellular automata model for single-lane traffic flow was proposed by Nagel and Schreckenberg [1], which successfully reproduces some nonlinear phenomena in the real traffic, such as the start-and-stop wave and the ghostly congestion.
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