Abstract
Such instruments should have the following limiting specifications: input resistance of at least i0 z6 ~ in the voltage measurement mode, current sensitivity at least i0 -z7 A, voltage sensitivity 10 -6 V, passband 0 to i00 kHz. In certain cases, the decisive parameters are accuracy, weight, size, and power consumption. However, it is impossible to design one general-purpose instrument which would combine all, or even some (e.g., maximum voltage sensitivity, high input resistance, and wide passband) such parameters at one and the same time. This is made clear by the following example. Assume that an instrument is to be designed with a sensitivity of 10 -6 V, accuracy 10%, input resistance I0 zs ~, a passband of 0-i00 kHz, and a measuring limit of 10 -4 V. Taken separately, none of these parameters is too high for modern measuring techniques: instruments are available having higher sensitivity, higher input resistance, and faster response. Nevertheless, such a combination of parameters cannot be realized in a single measuring instrument.
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