Abstract
This article introduces the biological principles and events underpinning plant tissue culture, describing how the inherent, and accessible, regenerative ability of isolated plant tissues can be exploited in a controlled in vitro system. The critical role of growth regulators, incorporated into the culture medium, as determinants of the pattern of subsequent growth and development of isolated plant tissues is considered. Additionally, the laboratory manipulations that are required to restore mitotic function and induce de novo development in cultured tissues are considered. The contribution of plant tissue culture to major areas of scientific interest, and related commercial applications are described, including cell culture for the production of secondary metabolites and genetic modification for the improvement of crop plants. Techniques for disease elimination and the selection of genotypes with specific characteristics are highlighted, together with clonal plant propagation as the enabling technology in micropropagation. The future potential of plant tissue culture is discussed.
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