Abstract

The very small size of tissues, cells and intercellular substances has required the design of microscopes and the development of methods for microscopic examination. Microscopic examination, which dates back to the discovery of bacteria by Leeuwenhoek in 1676, has greatly advanced to date. The resolution of the human eye, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope are 40 microns, 0.2 microns, 100oA and 200oA respectively. To examine tissues, cells and intercellular substances in a life-like state, procedures for fixation, washing, post-fixation, dehydration, embedding, cutting and staining are applied (1, 2).

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