General Fractional Economic Dynamics with Memory

Abstract

For the first time, a self-consistent mathematical approach to describe economic processes with a general form of a memory function is proposed. In this approach, power-type memory is a special case of such general memory. The memory is described by pairs of memory functions that satisfy the Sonin and Luchko conditions. We propose using general fractional calculus (GFC) as a mathematical language that allows us to describe a general form of memory in economic processes. The existence of memory (non-locality in time) means that the process depends on the history of changes to this process in the past. Using GFC, exactly solvable economic models of natural growth with a general form of memory are proposed. Equations of natural growth with general memory are equations with general fractional derivatives and general fractional integrals for which the fundamental theorems of GFC are satisfied. Exact solutions for these equations of models of natural growth with general memory are derived. The properties of dynamic maps with a general form of memory are described in the general form and do not depend on the choice of specific types of memory functions. Examples of these solutions for various types of memory functions are suggested.