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Abstract
State-dependent optical tweezers can be used to trap a pair of molecules with a separation much smaller than the wavelength of the trapping light, greatly enhancing the dipole-dipole interaction between them. Here we describe a general approach to producing these state-dependent potentials using the tensor part of the ac Stark shift and show how it can be used to carry out two-qubit gates between pairs of molecules. The method is applicable to broad classes of molecules including bialkali molecules produced by atom association and those amenable to direct laser cooling.
Highlights
An array of polar molecules formed using optical tweezer traps is an attractive platform for quantum simulation, quantum information processing, and the study and control of collisions and chemical reactions at ultracold temperatures
Single NaCs molecules have been formed by association of Na and Cs atoms inside a tweezer trap [17,18,19], and single molecules of 85Rb 87Rb have been formed in a tweezer by microwave association assisted by coupling of the spin and motional degrees of freedom [20]
We have presented a general approach to building statedependent tweezer traps for molecules based on their large tensor Stark shifts, and shown how they can be used to control the separation of molecules on a subwavelength scale
Summary
An array of polar molecules formed using optical tweezer traps is an attractive platform for quantum simulation, quantum information processing, and the study and control of collisions and chemical reactions at ultracold temperatures. The resulting vector Stark shift depends on this handedness and on the orientation of the molecules spin, so two molecules with opposite spin projections are trapped at different locations Their separation can be controlled by superimposing another tweezer at a different wavelength. The scheme works for molecules with or without electron spin, greatly reduces the photon scattering rate, and enhances the dipole-dipole interaction by a factor 100 or more. We show how this can be used to implement fast twoqubit gates using electric-field-induced dipoles or resonant dipole-dipole interactions, and discuss the implementation of these ideas using NaCs and CaF molecules. We note that other methods for producing subwavelength potentials for molecules have recently been studied [23]
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