Abstract
Seven sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines were crossed in 7´7 half diallel to obtain 21 F1 hybrids which further used to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for yield, head diameter, 1,000-seed weight, plant height and oil content of sunflower. The 7 inbred lines and 21 hybrids were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand during 2008-2009. General combining ability and specific combining ability were estimated for seed yield, head diameter, 1,000-seed weight, plant height and oil content. The results revealed that mean squares for GCA were highly significant for head diameter and significant for yield and oil content. Mean squares for SCA were highly significant for 1,000-seed weight and plant height, while those of yield, head diameter and oil content were non-significant. Components of variance showed that the GCA variance was higher than the SCA variance for yield, head diameter and oil content. These results indicated that additive gene action was more important than non-additive gene action for these traits. Inbred line 5A exhibited the highest GCA effects for yield and oil content, followed by the line 2A. Among all the crosses, 2A´5A showed the greatest positive SCA effects for 1,000-seed weight and oil content. Thus, the two inbred lines (2A and 5A) revealed good potential to be used as parents for hybrid.
Highlights
Hybrids, due to their high yield potential, are being used throughout the world for increasing the productivity of sunflower
The mean square for general combining ability (GCA) was highly significant for head diameter and significant for seed yield and oil content, indicating the importance of additive gene effect for these traits
The components of variance showed that GCA variance was higher than specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield, head diameter and oil content
Summary
Due to their high yield potential, are being used throughout the world for increasing the productivity of sunflower. It is very important to know the combining abilities of inbred lines that are used as parents in hybrids. The diallel method of genetic analysis has been widely used to assess the combining ability of parents in hybrids (Miller et al, 1980; Kadkol et al, 1984; Sherrif et al, 1985). The analysis of diallel cross by the method proposed by Griffing (1956) which partition the total genetic variation into general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of the crosses have been widely used. Various reports indicated the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic variances for yield and other characters (Kaya, 2004; Kaya and Atakisi, 2004; Mijic et al, 2008). Putt (1966) has reported for his materials that SCA was more important than GCA for seed yield, head diameter and 1,000-seed weight and he reported that generally the higher yielding lines produced the higher yielding hybrid
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