Abstract
Genetic factors contribute to the variation of bone mineral density (BMD), which is a major risk factor of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to identify more “novel” genes for BMD. Based on the publicly available SNP-based P values, we performed an initial gene-based analysis in a total of 32,961 individuals. Furthermore, we performed differential expression, pathway and protein-protein interaction analyses to find supplementary evidence to support the significance of the identified genes. About 21,695 genes for femoral neck (FN)-BMD and 21,683 genes for lumbar spine (LS)-BMD were analyzed using gene-based association analysis. A total of 35 FN-BMD associated genes and 53 LS-BMD associated genes were identified (P < 2.3×10-6) after Bonferroni correction. Among them, 64 genes have not been reported in previous SNP-based genome-wide association studies. Differential expression analysis further supported the significant associations of 14 genes with FN-BMD and 19 genes with LS-BMD. Especially, WNT3 and WNT9B in the Wnt signaling pathway for FN-BMD were further supported by pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis. The present study took the advantage of gene-based association method to perform a supplementary analysis of the GWAS dataset and found some BMD-associated genes. The evidence taken together supported the importance of Wnt signaling pathway genes in determining osteoporosis. Our findings provided more insights into the genetic basis of osteoporosis.
Highlights
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor of osteoporosis and remains the best predictor of primary osteoporotic fractures[1]
In the gene-based association analyses, 1,288,849 (49.8%) SNPs were mapped onto 21,695 genes on the human genome for femoral neck (FN)-BMD and 1,283,560 (49.8%) SNPs were mapped onto 21,683 genes for lumbar spine (LS)-BMD
75 significant genes were found for FN-BMD and LS-BMD
Summary
Bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor of osteoporosis and remains the best predictor of primary osteoporotic fractures[1]. Identification of genes predisposing to BMD will increase our understanding of its genetic mechanisms and contribute to development of novel prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Gene-Based Analysis for BMD analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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