Genealogical structure of the Belarusian black-and-white breed based on the microsatellite analysis of the lines bred at gene pool enterprises

Abstract

The methods of molecular genetic analysis are widely used to assess the genetic structure and to study the dynamics of population-genetic processes in populations of domestic animals. I n particular, these are the highly polymorphic genetic markers – the microsatellites that are the most common molecular markers in genetic and genomic research. The aim of the research was to develop the genealogical structure of the Belarusian black-and-white breed based on the microsatellite analysis of the lines bred at a gene pool enterprise. The research was carried out with the animals bred at the JSC “SGC “Zarechye”. For the microsatellite analysis of boars of the Belarusian black-and-white breed, the DNA testing was carried out at 9 STR-loci (SО155, SО355, SО386, SО005, SW72, SW951, SО101, SW240, and SW857). In all studied lines, the largest number of effective alleles was at the SО005 locus – 4.00–5.14. The lines of animals with heterozygosity can be used in various breeding schemes, both in purebred breeding (in pedigree pig breeding) and in crossing (in industrial pig breeding). Polymorphism determines the degree of genetic variation in populations. The locus is classified as polymorphic when the frequency of the most common allele of this locus does not exceed 95% (р ≤ 95). The revealed polymorphism of loci in the lines Maket, Tik, and Veseliy indicates the presence of genetic variability in them, which allows using them in breeding and breed-forming processes. Based on the studies made, the genealogical structure of the Belarusian black-and-white breed, consisting of one subcluster and two branches, has been developed, which makes it possible to assess the state and degree of relation of structural units (lines), and reflects the prospect of their further use.