Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in elderly populations of the developed world, 1 Klein R Klein BE Linton KL Prevalence of age-related maculopathy. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1992; 99: 933-943 Summary Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1614) Google Scholar and neovascular AMD (wet AMD) accounts for 90% of severe vision loss in patients with AMD. Wet AMD is associated with the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability. 2 Kwak N Okamoto N Wood JM Campochiaro PA VEGF is major stimulator in model of choroidal neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000; 41: 3158-3164 PubMed Google Scholar Recently, therapies using recombinant anti-VEGF antibody fragments (eg, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept) 3 Lynch SS Cheng CM Bevacizumab for neovascular ocular diseases. Ann Pharmacother. 2007; 41: 614-625 Crossref PubMed Scopus (139) Google Scholar , 4 Rosenfeld PJ Rich RM Lalwani GA Ranibizumab: phase III clinical trial results. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2006; 19: 361-372 PubMed Scopus (287) Google Scholar , 5 Schmidt-Erfurth U Kaiser PK Korobelnik JF et al. Intravitreal aflibercept injection for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: ninety-six-week results of the VIEW studies. Ophthalmology. 2014; 121: 193-201 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (602) Google Scholar to inhibit VEGF activity have shown that wet AMD can be treated successfully. However, the necessity for frequent intravitreal injections at 4–8 week intervals is expensive, 6 Levison D Medicare payments for drugs used to treat wet age-related macular degeneration. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC2012 Google Scholar inconvenient for the patient, and carries the risk of infections such as endophthalmitis. 7 Day S Acquah K Mruthyunjaya P Grossman DS Lee PP Sloan FA Ocular complications after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in Medicare patients with age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011; 152: 266-272 Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (129) Google Scholar Intravitreous injection of AAV2-sFLT01 in patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a phase 1, open-label trialIntravitreous injection of AAV2-sFLT01 seemed to be safe and well tolerated at all doses. Additional studies are needed to identify sources of variability in expression and anti-permeability activity, including the potential effect of baseline anti-AAV2 serum antibodies. Full-Text PDF
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