Abstract
BackgroundEvidence on the associations of emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors/markers with genes may help identify intermediate pathways of disease susceptibility in the general population. This population-based study is aimed to determine the presence of associations between a wide array of genetic variants and emerging cardiovascular risk markers among adult US women.MethodsThe current analysis was performed among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III phase 2 samples of adult women aged 17 years and older (sample size n = 3409). Fourteen candidate genes within ADRB2, ADRB3, CAT, CRP, F2, F5, FGB, ITGB3, MTHFR, NOS3, PON1, PPARG, TLR4, and TNF were examined for associations with emerging cardiovascular risk markers such as serum C-reactive protein, homocysteine, uric acid, and plasma fibrinogen. Linear regression models were performed using SAS-callable SUDAAN 9.0. The covariates included age, race/ethnicity, education, menopausal status, female hormone use, aspirin use, and lifestyle factors.ResultsIn covariate-adjusted models, serum C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly (P value controlling for false-discovery rate ≤ 0.05) associated with polymorphisms in CRP (rs3093058, rs1205), MTHFR (rs1801131), and ADRB3 (rs4994). Serum homocysteine levels were significantly associated with MTHFR (rs1801133).ConclusionThe significant associations between certain gene variants with concentration variations in serum C-reactive protein and homocysteine among adult women need to be confirmed in further genetic association studies.
Highlights
Evidence on the associations of emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors/markers with genes may help identify intermediate pathways of disease susceptibility in the general population
We examined the presence and magnitude of associations between candidate genetic variants (n = 27) within ADBR2, ADBR3, CAT, Creactive protein (CRP), F2, F5, FGB, ITGB3, MTHFR, NOS3, PON1, PPARG, TLR4, and TNF [26,37] and four cardiovascular risk markers (CRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine, and uric acid) among adult women
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) are complex, multistage cross-sectional sample surveys conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Summary
Evidence on the associations of emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors/markers with genes may help identify intermediate pathways of disease susceptibility in the general population. Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine and serum uric acid have been associated with increased risk of cardio- or cerebrovascular disease [17,18,19,20,21]. These emerging cardiovascular risk biomarkers influence each other and are correlated with conventional risk factors/markers such as high blood pressure or hyperlipidemia [22,23,24]
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