Abstract
Genetic disorders related to dentistry can be caused by a single gene or multiple genes causing changes in genes interacting with environmental inuences. Oral diseases require a higher level understanding of genetic variability. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease are driven by our growing skill in acquiring new data and analyzing it effectively. Genome is the complete set of genetic instructions carried in a single cell of an organism and provides a complete blueprint of cellular structures and activities throughout the life of each cell, for the initiation, construction, operation, maintenance, and repair of all living organisms. Human genomics is the study of the structure, function, and interactions of all genes in the human genome, which promises to improve the diagnosis, management, and prevention of disease. Two terminologies genetics and genomics; they are not the same but two different entities. Genetics is study of a single gene, while genomics is the study of the functions and interactions of all genes in the genome. The Human Genome Project is an international scientic research project launched in 1990 with the primary goal of determining the sequence of chemical base pairs that make up DNA and identifying the genes in the human genome. Inherited conditions or syndromes affecting any aspect of growth and development are caused by mutation, a random change in the genome. Genomics therefore helps in the intervention and treatment planning of several developmental abnormalities.This article provides an overview of the implications of genomics in oral health
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