Abstract
Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), represented by blocked programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), is a group of novel medicines for anti-tumor immunotherapy. It has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in recent years for relapsed or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and brings promising treatment prospects. However, the instability caused by tumor gene mutations significantly compromises the therapeutic effect of ICI. Therefore, the identification and analysis of HNSCC gene mutations can further guide and optimize the application of ICIs in HNSCC. In this study, we preliminarily described the clinical research progress of ICI therapy and the potential immune escape mechanism in HNSCC. An overview of complete HNSCC gene mutation results was generated from the bioinformatics study of TCGA database to further explain and analyze the relevant molecular mechanisms, which may aid in designing future personalized therapeutic strategies for HNSCC patients.
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