Abstract
BackgroundMultipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be recovered from a variety of tissues in the body. Yet, their functional properties were shown to vary depending on tissue origin. While MSC have emerged as a favoured cell type for tendon regenerative therapies, very little is known about the influence of the MSC source on their properties relevant to tendon regeneration.The aim of this study was to assess and compare the expression of tendon extracellular matrix proteins and tendon differentiation markers in MSC derived from different sources as well as in native tendon tissue. MSC isolated from equine bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord tissue, umbilical cord blood and tendon tissue were characterized and then subjected to mRNA analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsMSC derived from adipose tissue displayed the highest expression of collagen 1A2, collagen 3A1 and decorin compared to MSC from all other sources and native tendon tissue (p < 0.01). Tenascin-C and scleraxis expressions were highest in MSC derived from cord blood compared to MSC derived from other sources, though both tenascin-C and scleraxis were expressed at significantly lower levels in all MSC compared to native tendon tissue (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that the MSC source impacts the cell properties relevant to tendon regeneration. Adipose derived MSC might be superior regarding their potential to positively influence tendon matrix reorganization.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1756-0500-7-826) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be recovered from a variety of tissues in the body
Flow cytometry revealed that they expressed CD29 and CD44, and lacked expression of CD34, CD45 and MHCII, there were some variations between the percentages of positive cells between donors and MSC sources
The ratio of collagen 1A2 expression to collagen 3A1 expression was higher in adipose tissue (AT)-MSC than in MSC derived from all other sources or in Native tendon tissue controls (naT) (p < 0.01)
Summary
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can be recovered from a variety of tissues in the body. Their functional properties were shown to vary depending on tissue origin. While MSC have emerged as a favoured cell type for tendon regenerative therapies, very little is known about the influence of the MSC source on their properties relevant to tendon regeneration. Cell-based therapies, were shown to have positive effects on tendon regeneration in Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are currently the most frequently used cell type in tendon therapy based on their functions as connective tissue cell progenitors and potent immunomodulators [9,10]. In order to be able to choose the optimal cell source, more knowledge is required on cell characteristics that are important for the intended therapeutic application
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