Abstract
The principles of bone tissue engineering are contributing to the development of biomaterials to be employed in a range of therapies. Specifically in oral surgery, membranes are being used in different clinical situations such as treatment with dental implants, augmentation of alveolar bone and repair of traumatic and/or pathologic bone defects. In a previous study, we have showed that a novel poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate (P(VDF-TrFE)/BT) (Gimenes et al, 2004) membrane enhanced the majority of parameters related to tissue regeneration compared with polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) membrane using three different cell lines, i.e.: osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes (Teixeira et al., 2010). In the present study, we have investigated the in vivo gene expression of key osteoblastic markers in bone tissue grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT compared with PTFE (control) membranes. Rat calvarial bone defects (5-mm-diameter) were implanted with P(VDF-TrFE)/BT or PTFE membrane and after 4 and 8 weeks, gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), bone sialoprotein (Bsp) and osteocalcin (Oc) in bone tissue grown on membranes was evaluated by real-time PCR. Data were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Fischer test and the level of significance (p) was set at 0.05. The results presented in Table 1 indicated an enhanced osteoblast activity in bone tissue grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT compared with PTFE membrane, as evidenced by higher gene expression of Osx, Bsp and Oc at 4 weeks, and Runx2 and Oc at 8 weeks. Thus, P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane could be considered an advantageous biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. Table 1Gene expression on bone tissue grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT or PTFE membranes after 4 and 8 weeks 4 weeks 8 weeks Gene P(VDF-TrFE)/BT PTFE p P(VDF-TrFE)/BT PTFE p Runx2 0.93 1.00 ns 1.61 0.79 0.001 Osx 1.65 1.03 0.001 1.08 1.60 0.01 Alp 1.15 1.00 ns 0.52 0.60 0.05 Bsp 2.49 1.01 0.05 0.98 0.97 ns Oc 3.06 1.00 0.001 1.87 1.50 0.005 ns – non-significant Open table in a new tab ns – non-significant
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