Abstract

To optimize differentiation protocols for stem cell-based in vitro modeling applications, it is essential to assess the change in gene expression during the differentiation process. This allows controlling its differentiation efficiency into the target cell types. While RNA transcriptomics provides detail at a larger scale, timing and cost are prohibitive to include such analyses in the optimization process. In contrast, expression analysis of individual genes is cumbersome and lengthy.Here, we developed a versatile and cost-efficient SYBR Green array of 27 markers along with two housekeeping genes to quickly screen for differentiation efficiency of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into excitatory cortical neurons. We first identified relevant pluripotency, neuroprogenitor, and neuronal markers for the array by literature search, and designed primers with a product size of 80-120 bp length, an annealing temperature of 60°C, and minimal predicted secondary structures. We spotted combined forward and reverse primers on 96-well plates and dried them out overnight. These plates can be prepared in advance in batches and stored at room temperature until use. Next, we added the SYBR Green master mix and complementary DNA (cDNA) to the plate in triplicates, ran quantitative PCR (qPCR) on a Quantstudio 6 Flex, and analyzed results with QuantStudio software.We compared the expression of genes for pluripotency, neuroprogenitor cells, cortical neurons, and synaptic markers in a 96-well format at four different time points during the cortical differentiation. We found a sharp reduction of pluripotency genes within the first three days of pre-differentiation and a steady increase of neuronal markers and synaptic markers over time. In summary, we built a gene expression array that is customizable, fast, medium-throughput, and cost-efficient, ideally suited for optimization of differentiation protocols for stem cell-based in vitro modeling., [摘要] 为了优化基于干细胞的体外建模应用的分化方案,必须评估分化过程中基因表达的变化。这允许控制其分化为目标细胞类型的效率。虽然 RNA 转录组学提供了更大规模的细节,但在优化过程中包含此类分析的时间和成本令人望而却步。相比之下,单个基因的表达分析既繁琐又冗长。 在这里,我们开发了一个多功能且具有成本效益的 SYBR Green 阵列,该阵列包含 27 个标记以及两个管家基因,以快速筛选人类诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 分化为兴奋性皮层神经元的效率。我们首先通过文献检索确定了阵列的相关多能性、神经祖细胞和神经元标记,并设计了产物大小为 80-120 bp 长度、退火温度为 60°C 和最小预测二级结构的引物。我们在 96 孔板上发现了组合的正向和反向引物,并将它们干燥过夜。这些板可以提前分批制备,并在室温下储存直至使用。接下来,我们将 SYBR Green 预混液和互补 DNA (cDNA) 一式三份添加到板中,在Quantstudio 6 Flex 上运行定量 PCR (qPCR),并使用QuantStudio 软件分析结果。 我们比较了皮层分化过程中四个不同时间点在 96 孔格式中多能性、神经祖细胞、皮层神经元和突触标记的基因表达。我们发现在预分化的前三天内多能性基因急剧减少,并且随着时间的推移神经元标志物和突触标志物稳定增加。总之,我们构建了一个可定制、快速、中等通量且具有成本效益的基因表达阵列,非常适合优化基于干细胞的体外建模的分化方案。[背景] 实时定量 PCR (qPCR) 技术检测靶核酸序列的扩增,被认为是灵敏的、可重复的和特异的(Arya et al ., 2005) 。 在这里,我们使用多孔 qPCR 分析通过 SYBR Green 技术扩增多个基因(Arikawa et al ., 2011) 。 SYBR Green 是一种 DNA 结合染料,可与双链 DNA (dsDNA) 非特异性结合(Boone et al ., 2015) 。 基于 RT 2 Profiler TM阵列(Arikawa et al ., 2011) ,我们设计了一个多孔 SYBR Green qPCR panel,通过强制表达 Neurogenin 2 来分析参与皮层神经元与人类 iPSCs 分化的基因的表达。 (Ngn2),它是一种神经元转录因子,支持人类胚胎干细胞或 iPSCs 的神经元分化为皮质样神经元(Zhang et al ., 2013) 。在这里,我们使用了人类 iPSC 细胞系,该细胞系将多西环素诱导型小鼠 Ngn2 转基因工程化到安全港基因座中(Wang et al ., 2017) 。我们收集了不同时间点的细胞(iPSC、第0 天前神经元、第15天和第30 天皮质神经元),并在单个 96 孔板上分析了标记多能干细胞、中间神经祖细胞和成熟皮质神经元的基因。扩增子/引物设计范围为 80-120 bp,Tm 介于 63°C 和 66°C 之间。多孔 SYBR Green qPCR 检测的内部制备允许根据需要定制引物以适应特定实验和检测修改。这种多孔 SYBR Green qPCR 检测可用于对任何一组感兴趣的基因进行定量分析。 用于通路分析的不同 RT2 分析器阵列可商购获得,但是,它们都没有经过优化以跟踪源自 iPSC 的皮质神经元的成熟。我们表明,多孔 SYBR Green qPCR 很容易适应实验室的定制。它是一个经济的平台,非常适合优化体外干细胞建模的分化方案。

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