Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 206 patients with suspected OSA undergoing polysomnography and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, neck circumference, and waist-hip ratio. We checked lateral cephalometry to measure tissue landmarks including angle from A point to nasion to B point (ANB), soft palate length (SPL), soft palate thickness (SPT), retropalatal space (RPS), retrolingual space (RLS), and mandibular plane to hyoid (MPH).ResultsMale with OSA showed significantly increased SPL (P = .006) compared with controls. SPL and MPH had significant correlation with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and central obesity. Female with OSA showed significantly increased ANB (P = .013) and SPT (P = .004) compared with controls. The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that SPT in male and ANB and SPT in female were significant in model 1 (AHI ≥ 5) and model 2 (AHI ≥ 15). MPH was also significant for male in model 2.ConclusionMale and female with OSA had distinct anatomic features of the upper airway and different interactions among soft palate, mandible, and hyoid bone.
Highlights
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses
This study investigated the anatomic variants of the upper airway related to sex and central obesity in Asian patients with OSA
The key findings of this study were as follows: (1) Soft palate was found to be the main target of OSA and its anatomic changes show significant correlations with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). (2) Phenotypes of soft palate were different between sexes: increased length for male and increased thickness for female
Summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender-specific and obesity-related airway anatomy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by using cephalometric analyses. Our previous study demonstrated that a predictor variable neck circumference (NC) is reliable anthropometry for male with OSA [7]. It is Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard test to diagnose the presence of OSA and to estimate its severity. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) criteria with the mean and lowest SpO2 are used for treatment planning. They do not provide the anatomic locations of obstruction
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