Gender Specified In-Hospital Outcome after Left Atrial Appendage Closure with a Dual Occlusive Mechanism Device

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have suggested an increased rate of adverse events in women following left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), particularly with dual occlusive mechanism devices. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate gender disparities in in-hospital adverse events and short-term device-related outcomes in an experienced center using dual occlusive mechanism devices exclusively. Methods: In a single-center retrospective study, patients who received dual occlusive mechanism devices (Amplatzer cardiac plug and Amulet) were analyzed. We assessed gender differences in patient characteristics, LAAO indications, procedural data, in-hospital complications, and short-term device-related outcomes in the form of one-month follow-up transesophageal echocardiography. Results: Among 474 patients, 211 (45%) were women. At device implantation, women were significantly older (77.45±6.98 years vs. 75.89±7.26; p = 0.01), with higher CHA2DS2Vasc scores (5.03±1.46 vs. 4.28±1.51; p < 0.01) and lower HASBLED scores (3.78±1.06 vs. 4.03±1.12; p = 0.01) compared to men. Men had a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (52% vs. 32%; p < 0.01). LAAO indications did not significantly differ. Device success was 99% in men and 98% in women (p = 0.75). In-hospital complications, including deaths, major bleedings, and pericardial effusion, did not significantly vary by gender. Rates of device-related thrombus and device closure with a residual jet ≤ 5 mm were similar. Conclusions: In a large cohort of consecutive LAAO patients at an experienced center, gender was not linked to higher in-hospital complications.