Gender-specific siblings and women with maternal history of diabetes are at high risk of developing type2 diabetes-a family study from South India

Abstract

Risk factors associated with diabetes (DM) are to be well studied, and this study was aimed to investigate the family transmission pattern of type 2 DM in South Indian population. A total of 3093 subjects were selected between June 2017 and May 2018. Details on family history of diabetes, treatment, and age at onset of DM were recorded. The subjects are divided into three groups based on family history risk categories maintained as registries. Group 1 (NPDR) (n = 1414) was with no parent diabetes, group 2 (OPDR) (n = 1216) with one parent diabetes, and group 3 (CPDR) (n = 463) was with both parents diabetes. The history of diabetes in siblings was recorded. Diagnosis of diabetes was confirmed based on the history of treatment and by OGTT. In group 2, genderwise comparison showed higher transmission of diabetes from mothers than fathers. Women had more maternal history of diabetes than paternal history [58.1 vs 41.9%; p < 0.001]. In men, the number of brothers affected by diabetes was higher than sisters (78 vs 29%; p < 0.001) whereas in women, the number of sisters affected was higher than brothers (70.3 vs 45.7%; p < 0.001). In groups 2 and 3, mean age at onset of diabetes in the subjects was one decade earlier than the mean age at onset of diabetes in parents. Gender-specific siblings and women with maternal history of diabetes are at high risk of developing type 2 DM. Men had higher percentage of brothers affected whereas women had higher percentage of sisters affected by diabetes. The mean age at onset of diabetes in subjects was a decade earlier than mean age at onset of diabetes in their parents.