Abstract
There is a paucity of normative data for hip bone mass in children. Of the normative data that have been reported, chronological age is commonly used to categorize hip bone mass; however, chronological age does not necessarily coincide with the sketetal age of a growing child. Thus, we investigated which growth factor (age, height, weight) best predicted hip bone mass and developed gender specific normative data tables based on this predictor variable. We assessed 212 apparently healthy, Caucasian pre-pubescent children (118 boys, 94 girls) between the ages of 5 and 10 (7.4 ± 1.1 yrs; 124.9 ± 8.4 cm; 26.8 ± 7.1 kg). Bone mineral content (g;BMC) of the left proximal femur was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR-4500/A). Data are presented for the femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH). In unpaired t-tests, height and weight were significantly greater in boys than girls (p < .01 and p < .05, respectively). In univariate analysis of covariance, controlling for age, height, and weight, boys had greater FN and TH BMC than girls (FN = 1.9 ± Ag vs 1.6 ± .3g and TH = 12.2 ± 2.7g vs. 10.8 ± 2.3g), p < .001 and p < .01, respectively). Femoral neck BMC correlated significantly with age (boys: r = .559, girls r = .528), height (boys: r = .679, girls r = .701), and weight (boys: r = .450, girls: r = .589). Total hip BMC correlated significantly with age (boys: r = .606, girls: r = .686), height (boys: r = .679, girls: r = .798), and weight (boys: r = .517, girls: r = .663). In stepwise multiple regression, entering age, height and weight as predictor variables, height was the best preditor of FN BMC (boys: r2 = .462, girls r2 = .492) and TH BMC (boys: r2 = .616, girls: r2 = .636). In conclusion, height best predicted skeletal maturity. Thus, in pre-pubescent children we have developed gender-specific normative data tables for the hip, categorized by height for Caucasian children between 5–10 years of age. Supported by NIH ROI AR45655-01, Division of NIAMS.
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