Gender issues in the ukrainian music journalism of Galicia (of first third of the XX century)

Abstract

The feminist movement, which originated in the nineteenth century in the Western Europe, soon spread to the Eastern Galicia. One of the manifestations of feminism in the field of music culture was posts, articles and reviews that raised gender issues. Their authors were men and women – both professional musicians and representatives of other arts. Stanislav Liudkevych, Antin Rudnytskyi, Vasyl Barvinskyi, Nestor Nyzhankivskyi, Melaniia Nyzhankivska, Halia Levytska, Dariia Vikonska dealt with various aspects of gender issues. These could only be cursory remarks. These are also special illustrations: both generalized, in which poetic and emotional expressions bordered on the list of names of female performers and attempts to draw attention to more important points of a different nature, namely, personal and professional factors. But all these considerations were aimed at overcoming the stereotypical views of the cultural canons of men and women, firmly rooted in the Galician society, on the gender stratification, which fixed the steady roles of the sexes, and on the search of the methods of the most complete female self-realization in the music arts. The characteristic features of the mentioned above authors were the such as: a high intellectual level, fruitful work in the cultural field, as well as true caring for the Ukrainian destiny. Their publications appeared on the front pages of the following periodicals: ―Dilo‖, ―Nova Hata‖, ―Nazustrich‖, ―Ukrayinski Visti‖. It can be stated that the mentioned above publications have become a significant factor in the formation of a distinct ―female accent‖ in the Ukrainian music culture. Music journalism gradually opened up the potential to promote high achievements of the Ukrainian women in various fields of music art, namely composing, pedagogy, performance, musicology.