Abstract
BackgroundDescribe the recent evolution of cigarette smoking habits by gender in Geneva, where incidence rates of lung cancer have been declining in men but increasing in women.MethodsContinuous cross-sectional surveillance of the general adult (35–74 yrs) population of Geneva, Switzerland for 11 years (1993–2003) using a locally-validated smoking questionnaire, yielding a representative random sample of 12,271 individuals (6,164 men, 6,107 women).ResultsIn both genders, prevalence of current cigarette smoking was stable over the 11-year period, at about one third of men and one quarter of women, even though smoking began at an earlier age in more recent years. Older men were more likely to be former smokers than older women. Younger men, but not women, tended to quit smoking at an earlier age.ConclusionThis continuous (1993–2003) risk factor surveillance system, unique in Europe, shows stable prevalence of smoking in both genders. However, sharp contrasts in age-specific prevalence of never and former smoking and of ages at smoking initiation indicate that smoking continues a long-term decline in men but has still not reached its peak in women.
Highlights
Describe the recent evolution of cigarette smoking habits by gender in Geneva, where incidence rates of lung cancer have been declining in men but increasing in women
One aim of the present study was to capitalize on 11 years of continuous monitoring of the cigarette smoking habits of the population of Geneva, Switzerland to provide more reliable and stable trend estimates
A second aim was to determine whether the recent evolution of cigarette smoking habits by gender corresponds to specific stages of the smoking epidemic model proposed by Lopez
Summary
Describe the recent evolution of cigarette smoking habits by gender in Geneva, where incidence rates of lung cancer have been declining in men but increasing in women. A literature review on changes in cigarette smoking by gender in different populations of the developed world after 1980 reveals that smoking is almost uniformly declining in men, but trends are much more diverse in women (Table 1) [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. One aim of the present study was to capitalize on 11 years of continuous monitoring of the cigarette smoking habits of the population of Geneva, Switzerland to provide more reliable and stable trend estimates. A second aim was to determine whether the recent evolution of cigarette smoking habits by gender corresponds to specific stages of the smoking epidemic model proposed by Lopez (page number not for citation purposes)
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