Abstract
Background: Self-concept is a multifaceted belief system where self-evaluation is carried out in relation to one’s environment. Various research studies have found that self-concept has an impact on the psychological, physical and social wellbeing of a person. There is a dearth of studies on the relationship between self-concept and gender among students in private universities in Kenya. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender and self-concept among a sample of United States International University-Africa (USIU-A) students. Methods: The study was conducted in a sample of students studying either the psychology of personality or abnormal psychology courses. The sample size (n) for the current study is 57: which is 0.87% of the student population in the USIU-A. The methodology used in this study is the Tennessee Self-concept Scale (TSCS) consisting of 82 statements. The regression analysis of the six dimensions of selfconcept and gender was done using SPSS® (Version 23). Results: The current study found that personal self-concept variables explained 46.8% of the variations of overall self-concept. A regression between overall selfconcept rating and gender revealed that overall self-concept increases by 6.381% as gender changes from female to male. Conclusion: Male participants were found to have a higher overall self-concept than female participants. Among the sexes the highly suggested ways of increasing self-concept were through socialization, reading and self-awareness.
Highlights
According to William James theory of Self, he states that the self is developed through social interaction and is based on the social character of the human language [1]
The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of physical, personal, social, family, moral and academic self-concept dimensions and gender on overall self-concept among students studying either the psychology of personality or abnormal psychology courses United States International University- Africa (USIU-A)
The computed t-statistic of the independent variable “I try to be careful about my appearance” was 4.031; which was greater than the critical t-value of 1.960
Summary
According to William James theory of Self, he states that the self is developed through social interaction and is based on the social character of the human language [1]. James explains that the self consists of the ‘I’ and ‘me’. According to William James where the ‘I’ self represents the subjective and explicit self that is active [2]. The ‘me’ self is implicit and reflective when perceiving. Various research studies have found that self-concept has an impact on the psychological, physical and social wellbeing of a person. There is a dearth of studies on the relationship between self-concept and gender among students in private universities in Kenya. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender and self-concept among a sample of United States International University-Africa (USIU-A) students
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