Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity is the most recognized side effect of gentamicin. Vitamin E and vitamin C demonstrate their effective role in the prevention of nephrotoxicity. Likewise, previous studies have suggested that women have low risk of end-stage renal disease at premenopausal period. to antioxidant effects vitamins E and C in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 6 groups each including both male and female rats. The first and second groups received saline (control group) and almond oil, the third group received gentamicin. The fourth group received a regular dose of gentamicin + vitamin E. Similarly, the fifth group received a regular dose of gentamicin + vitamin C. The sixth group received a dose of gentamicin + vitamin C and E simultaneously constantly. This protocol continued for 9 days. (MDA), but it decreased superoxidase dismutase (SOD) level (P < 0.05). Treatment with antioxidant vitamins improved urea, creatinine, MDA, and SOD serum level significantly in both genders (P <0.05). Likewise, kidney MDA level enhanced significantly (P <0.05) and treatment with antioxidant vitamins reduced MDA level too (P <0.05). Gentamicin decreased kidney SOD activity in male and female rats (P <0.05). However, treatment with antioxidant vitamins did not improve its level in male rats, while in female rats, vitamins E and C compensated for kidney SOD activity. genders, with some difference in response to vitamins E and C between the genders, that was higher in female rats.
Highlights
Nephrotoxicity is the most recognized side effect of gentamicin
Gentamicin nephrotoxicity is manifested with lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), increasing serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and tubular necrosis [9,10,11]
Vitamin E and C are considered among the most common antioxidants. These antioxidant vitamins have been investigated in different experimental models to find out their possible effective roles in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity [32,33]
Summary
Nephrotoxicity is the most recognized side effect of gentamicin. Vitamin E and vitamin C demonstrate their effective role in the prevention of nephrotoxicity. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the possibility of any gender difference in response to antioxidant effects vitamins E and C in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. These antioxidant vitamins have been investigated in different experimental models to find out their possible effective roles in the prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity [32,33] These antioxidant vitamins increase tissue antioxidant activity and decline free radicals, which in turn have some possible important roles in protection against gentamicin nephrotoxicity [34]. They increase superoxidase dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in rats [34]. There is evidence that estradiol has some renal protective roles, because it is an anti-inflammatory factor which inhibits apoptosis [39,40]
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