Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies indicate that individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) might be at risk for left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. However, little is known about which metabolic factors contribute to the development of LV dysfunction in individuals who are not obese or overweight and who do not have diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease.MethodsParticipants without diabetes mellitus, systolic dysfunction, or other heart diseases underwent a thorough physical examination, including tissue Doppler echocardiography. A peak early mitral annular velocity (e′) of <5.0 was designated as indicating abnormal LV myocardial relaxation (LVMR). We performed single and multiple logistic regression analyses of e′ and cardiovascular risk factors, including MetS factors and indicators of major organ dysfunction. Normal-weight subjects (body mass index <25 kg/m2) were also analyzed.ResultsA total of 1055 individuals (mean age, 63 ± 13 years) participated, of which 307 (29.1%) had MetS and 199 (18.9%) had abnormal LVMR. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed waist circumference (WC) (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, P < 0.05) and age (OR 1.10, P < 0.05) to be predictors of abnormal LVMR. In normal-weight subjects (n = 806), aging (OR 1.08, P < 0.01), abnormal WC (OR 3.80, P < 0.01), and renal dysfunction (OR 2.14, P < 0.01) were predictors of abnormal LVMR. Among MetS factors, abnormal WC in men (OR 3.70, P < 0.01) and high diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in women (OR 4.00, P = 0.01) were related to abnormal LVMR.
Highlights
Heart failure is a progressive condition, and its incidence increases with advanced age [1,2,3]
body mass index (BMI) showed a correlation with e0 by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients, it was not correlated with abnormal LV myocardial relaxation (LVMR) in the univariate analysis and was not an independent predictor of LVMR when adjusted for age and gender in the multivariate analysis
We found that waist circumference (WC) and BMI correlated with LVMR
Summary
Heart failure is a progressive condition, and its incidence increases with advanced age [1,2,3]. Canepa et al (from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging) graded diastolic function in a population-based sample and found waist circumference (WC) to be predictive of abnormal diastolic function [17]. Their findings revealed that the assessment of diastolic dysfunction without tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) had limited accuracy because of the pseudo-normalization that occurs in two-dimensional echocardiography. To the best of our knowledge, no previous reports have evaluated the relationship between LVMR and MetS risk factors by TDI among healthy individuals without diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease.
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