Gender Differences in Anxiety-Induced Sleep Disturbance: A Survey Among In-School Adolescents in the Republic of Benin

Abstract

Anxiety-induced sleep disturbance is a common phenomenon that affects the overall well-being and quality of life of school-going adolescents. Nonetheless, evidence on anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among adolescents in Benin is scarce. This study examined the gender differences in the prevalence and correlates of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents in the Republic of Benin. We conducted a secondary analysis of Benin’s 2016 Global School-Based Health Survey dataset involving 2496 in-school adolescents aged 13 years and above. The proportion of male and female students who reported anxiety-induced sleep disturbance was computed. The multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors associated with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were estimated with corresponding confidence intervals at a 0.05 significance level. The overall prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among adolescents was 21.3%. The prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance was 22.4% and 19.9% among the male and female participants, respectively. Among male in-school adolescents, hunger (aOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.37–0.71), loneliness (aOR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.20–0.41), suicide ideation (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.22–0.61), suicide attempt (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.12–2.87), ever having sex (aOR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.48–0.91), and having understanding parents (aOR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.47–0.87) were significantly associated with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance. On the other hand, hunger (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.42–0.94), loneliness (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.28–0.61), and suicide ideation (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.33–0.83) were significantly associated with anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among the female in-school adolescents. The prevalence of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents in Benin poses a great concern for their mental health and well-being. Collaborative efforts between schools, parents, and healthcare professionals should focus on culturally appropriate, gender-specific factors that may contribute to a reduction in anxiety-induced sleep disturbance among in-school adolescents in Benin.