Abstract
This study is a part of the project “The origins of individual differences in academic achievement: the impact of the shared environment, non-shared environment and prenatal hormones” (No. 12-06-00790, supported by Russian Humanitarian Scientific fond). Data of Unified state examination (2010–2012) were analyzed in the study. We have got test scores (mathematics exam) of 9592 boys and 12,702 girls – members of twin pairs. Boys show a slightly higher academic achievement in mathematics, than girls. However, they have higher variability of test scores. In deviation extremes number of boys is more than number of girls – both in high achievement (218 vs 82) and low achievement (350 vs 119) groups. Opposite-sex twins (boys and girls) are more successful in Math than same-sex twins. This results may be connected with environmental conditions (for example social attitudes) and with hormonal influences.
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