Abstract
Dietary intake modification is important for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, little is known about the association between dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins and kidney function based on gender difference. We examined the relationship of dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins with decreased kidney function according to gender in Japanese subjects. This population-based, cross-sectional study included 936 Japanese participants with the age of 40 years or older. A validated brief self-administered diet history questionnaire was used to measure dietary intakes of vitamin E and its four isoforms, vitamin A and vitamin C. Decreased kidney function was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1·73 m2. A total of 498 (53·2 %) of the study participants were women. Mean age was 62·4 ± 11·3 years. Overall, 157 subjects met the criteria of decreased kidney function. In the fully adjusted model, a high vitamin E intake is inversely associated with decreased kidney function in women (odds ratio, 0·886; 95 % confidence interval, 0·786-0·998), whereas vitamin E intake was not associated with decreased kidney function (odds ratio, 0·931; 95 % confidence interval, 0·811-1·069) in men. No significant association between dietary intake of vitamins A and C and decreased kidney function was observed in women and men. Higher dietary intake of vitamin E was inversely associated with decreased kidney function in middle-aged and older women, and the result may provide insight into the more tailored dietary approaches to prevent CKD.
Highlights
More than 10 % of the population worldwide is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD)
We examined the relationship between dietary intake of the antioxidant vitamin and kidney function stratified by sex in a cohort of middle-aged and elderly people in Japan
A decreased kidney function was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of
Summary
More than 10 % of the population worldwide is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is defined by a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased urinary excretion of either albumin or protein, and advanced CKD requires exceptionally high costs and burden of maintenance dialysis therapy and kidney transplantation[1]. Even the mild form of the disease is associated with increased global morbidity and mortality and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)(2). Sex and gender-specific differences in the aetiology, mechanism and epidemiology of CKD have been recognized. It has been reported that CKD is the ninth leading cause of death (1·8 % of deaths) for women, but is not among the 10 leading causes of death for journals.cambridge.org/jns Clinical evidence to support these theories is still weak, multidisciplinary approach including lifestyle modifications in consideration of sex and gender is recommended to improve this global public health issue[3,4,5]
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