Gender characteristics of the course and treatment of acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background and Aims : The aim of the study was to study the gender characteristics of the course of acute myocardial infarction (MI).Methods: The study included 372 patients aged 31 to 93 yrs (64.5 ± 12.3 years) with a diagnosis of MI, who were divided into 2 groups (gr.) by gender: Gr.1 - 140 (37.6%) , women, gr. 2 - 232 (62.4%) men.Results: The average age of women is 70.77 ± 11.7 yrs, of men - 60.52 ± 11.5. In women, MI was significantly more likely to develop against the background of arterial hypertension (p <0.044), diabetes mellitus (p <0.002) and obesity (p <0.043), and the prevalence of smoking was higher in the male (p <0.001). The GRACE in women is higher than in men (p <0.007). The most common complication of MI in both groups was acute heart failure (HF), which was recorded in 53.7% of women and 55.5% of men (RR 0.96; 95% CI 0.75– 1.23; p> 0.05). The frequency of deaths was statistically significantly higher in women; they were more often registered as hospitalized (11.4% versus 6.4%; RR 1.79; 95% CI 0.94–3.43; p <0.05), so and post-hospital mortality (9.2% versus 6.4%; RR 1.44; 95% CI 0.68–3.02; p> 0.05).Conclusions: The most significant risk factors for the development of MI in women are diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and obesity. The course of myocardial infarction in women is associated with the development of severe heart failure, and the immediate prognosis and outcome of myocardial infarction in women is more unfavorable than in men. Background and Aims : The aim of the study was to study the gender characteristics of the course of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: The study included 372 patients aged 31 to 93 yrs (64.5 ± 12.3 years) with a diagnosis of MI, who were divided into 2 groups (gr.) by gender: Gr.1 - 140 (37.6%) , women, gr. 2 - 232 (62.4%) men. Results: The average age of women is 70.77 ± 11.7 yrs, of men - 60.52 ± 11.5. In women, MI was significantly more likely to develop against the background of arterial hypertension (p <0.044), diabetes mellitus (p <0.002) and obesity (p <0.043), and the prevalence of smoking was higher in the male (p <0.001). The GRACE in women is higher than in men (p <0.007). The most common complication of MI in both groups was acute heart failure (HF), which was recorded in 53.7% of women and 55.5% of men (RR 0.96; 95% CI 0.75– 1.23; p> 0.05). The frequency of deaths was statistically significantly higher in women; they were more often registered as hospitalized (11.4% versus 6.4%; RR 1.79; 95% CI 0.94–3.43; p <0.05), so and post-hospital mortality (9.2% versus 6.4%; RR 1.44; 95% CI 0.68–3.02; p> 0.05). Conclusions: The most significant risk factors for the development of MI in women are diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and obesity. The course of myocardial infarction in women is associated with the development of severe heart failure, and the immediate prognosis and outcome of myocardial infarction in women is more unfavorable than in men.