Gender and Typological Features of the Alveolar Process of the Maxilla

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study gender and typological features of the morphometric parameters of the alveolar process of the maxilla in the mature population of the Republic of Azerbaijan.Material and methods. The study included 100 macerated mature male and female skulls reported in the certificates from the craniological collection of the fundamental museum of the department of human anatomy and medical terminology of the Azerbaijan medical university. The craniometric and variation-statistical methods were used in the study. Measurements were performed according to the generally accepted method using standard instruments for craniometry (Vernier caliper, caliper and a metal ruler). Cranial cuts in the frontal plane at the level of the upper canines, second premolars and molars were performed to measure the height and width of the alveolar ridge.Results. The results of morphometry demonstrated that the alveolar process of the maxilla has a pronounced gender dimorphism in males and females. Thus, in men morphometric parameters of the alveolar ridge (measured at different levels) are higher than in women. The alveolar ridge is statistically higher in leptoprozopes and mesoprozopes compared with euriprozopes at all studied levels.Conclusion. The height and width of the alveolar process of the maxilla have significant gender differences. Certain features of the width of the alveolar ridge have been detected for various forms of the facial part of the skull, but no evident relationship has been revealed.