Abstract
This study set out to examine gender and personality effects on self-estimated multiple intelligence. In all, 124 Koreans made self-estimates of 24 different kinds of intelligence. They also completed a short personality test. Results showed that males gave higher estimates than females on many different types of intelligence. Openness to experience, agreeableness and neuroticism were found to correlate with self-estimated intelligence. Income and education were also correlated with various self-estimated intelligence measures, but not overall self-estimated intelligence. The different intelligences factored into interpretable dimensions. Results were similar to those from different countries. Implications and limitations of the findings are discussed.
Highlights
Over the past decade there has been a great interest in Self-Estimated Intelligence (SEI) (Freund & Kasten, 2012)
Studies have found that Chinese people tend to give more modest scores in self-estimated intelligence measures compared to Westerners (Zhang & Gong, 2001), supporting the idea that how people perceive their intelligence is influenced, in part, by culture
The findings are consistent with studies done previously (Furnham, 2001), supporting the idea that the gender effect in self-estimated intelligence is universal
Summary
Over the past decade there has been a great interest in Self-Estimated Intelligence (SEI) (Freund & Kasten, 2012). Gardner distinguishes between eight to ten, Sternberg three and Cattell ten types of intelligence which do not overlap very much and will each be used in this study Studies in this area have examined sex, as well as cultural, differences in self-estimates of ability (von Stumm, Makendrayogam, Chamorro-Premuzic, & Furnham, 2009). Most studies done in Asia have shown the lowest self-estimates on all the types of intelligence rated Some of these studies have investigated participants’ beliefs about intelligence (such as whether there are actual sex differences) and their personal experience of tests to examine whether these beliefs are related to self-estimates (Furnham & Fukumoto, 2008). Furnham (2000) proposed that people view intelligence as “male-normative”, since mathematical/logical and spatial intelligences are areas where males are believed to excel (Storek & Furnham, 2013)
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