Abstract
Gelatine nanostructured lipid carriers (GNLs) have attracted increasing attention due to their biodegradable status and capacity to capture various biologically active compounds. Many studies demonstrated that fibroblast growth factor therapies after spinal cord injury (SCI) can be used in the future for the recovery of neurons. In this study, the therapeutic effects of GNL-encapsulated fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and FGF15 were compared in SCI. The FGF15-GNLs had 88.17 ± 1.22% encapsulation efficiency and 4.82 ± 0.12% loading capacity. The effects of FGF15-GNLs and FGF15 were assessed based on the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion scale, inclined plane test and footprint analysis. Immunofluorescent staining was used to identify the expression of autophagy-associated proteins, GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and neurofilament 200 (NF200). FGF15-GNLs use enhanced the repair after SCI compared to the effect of FGF15. The suppression of autophagy-associated proteins LC3-II and beclin-1, and p62 enhancement by FGF15-GNLs treatment were more pronounced. Thus, the effects of FGF15-GNLs on the recovery after SCI are related to the inhibition of autophagy and glial scar, and promotion of nerve regeneration in SCI.
Highlights
Spinal cord injury (SCI) and overwhelming complications after SCI are very damaging and provoke serious sensory, motor and neurological dysfunction below the injured segment
We investigated whether the protective effect of gelatine nanostructured lipid carriers (GNLs) encapsulating fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) is related to inhibition of autophagy
Our results suggest that FGF15-Gelatine nanostructured lipid carriers (GNLs) can have therapeutic potential in the treatment of SCI
Summary
Spinal cord injury (SCI) and overwhelming complications after SCI are very damaging and provoke serious sensory, motor and neurological dysfunction below the injured segment. The damage of traumatic SCI to the body is not limited to the direct mechanical impact on the spine and is associated with numerous life-threatening complications in the spinal cord, which are caused by a complex chain of cascade amplification reactions leading to progressive cell death and spinal cord damage. Autophagy is the process in which cells coat their damaged organelles or proteins in a double membrane structure and transport them to the lysosomes for degradation[9]. Autophagy is a dynamic biological process that is very important in the growth, development and differentiation of the cells[10,11,12].
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