Abstract
One of the landmark events in the evolution of molecular biology was the development in 1975 by Edwin M. Southern of a DNA:DNA hybridization technique (Southern 1975). This procedure, now known universally as Southern analysis, revolutionized the study of genomes by providing the ability to detect rare DNA sequences in complex populations of restriction enzyme generated DNA fragments. Adaption of this technique to the detection of specific RNA and protein molecules led to northern and western analysis, respectively, termed as a play on the “Southern” name. These techniques set the stage for the cloning of specific genes, for reverse genetics, and for modern molecular biology.
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