Abstract
PurposeThe aim of the current study is to describe the functionality of free software developed for energy system contributions and energy expenditure calculation during exercise, namely GEDAE-LaB.MethodsEleven participants performed the following tests: 1) a maximal cycling incremental test to measure the ventilatory threshold and maximal oxygen uptake (O2max); 2) a cycling workload constant test at moderate domain (90% ventilatory threshold); 3) a cycling workload constant test at severe domain (110% O2max). Oxygen uptake and plasma lactate were measured during the tests. The contributions of the aerobic (AMET), anaerobic lactic (LAMET), and anaerobic alactic (ALMET) systems were calculated based on the oxygen uptake during exercise, the oxygen energy equivalents provided by lactate accumulation, and the fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, respectively. In order to assess the intra-investigator variation, four different investigators performed the analyses independently using GEDAE-LaB. A direct comparison with commercial software was also provided.ResultsAll subjects completed 10 min of exercise at moderate domain, while the time to exhaustion at severe domain was 144 ± 65 s. The AMET, LAMET, and ALMET contributions during moderate domain were about 93, 2, and 5%, respectively. The AMET, LAMET, and ALMET contributions during severe domain were about 66, 21, and 13%, respectively. No statistical differences were found between the energy system contributions and energy expenditure obtained by GEDAE-LaB and commercial software for both moderate and severe domains (P > 0.05). The ICC revealed that these estimates were highly reliable among the four investigators for both moderate and severe domains (all ICC ≥ 0.94).ConclusionThese findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is a free software easily comprehended by users minimally familiarized with adopted procedures for calculations of energetic profile using oxygen uptake and lactate accumulation during exercise. By providing availability of the software and its source code we hope to facilitate future related research.
Highlights
The establishment of the amount of energy expenditure during exercise has been considered of key importance for strategy development aiming at both health [1] and athletic performance [2] improvement
No statistical differences were found between the energy system contributions and energy expenditure obtained by GEDAE-LaB and commercial software for both moderate and severe domains (P > 0.05)
Software and Energy System Contributions. These findings suggest that GEDAE-LaB is a free software comprehended by users minimally familiarized with adopted procedures for calculations of energetic profile using oxygen uptake and lactate accumulation during exercise
Summary
The establishment of the amount of energy expenditure during exercise has been considered of key importance for strategy development aiming at both health [1] and athletic performance [2] improvement. Many methods have emerged in literature in order to assess energetic profiles during dynamic exercise [3,4]. There is no universal method accepted as gold standard to estimate anaerobic system contribution [5,6]. It has been proposed that measurements of muscle metabolites using biopsy could provide relevant information regarding alactic (ALMET) and lactic (LAMET) anaerobic systems [7]. Aside from being an invasive procedure, the small sample size taken in the biopsy for the determination of maximum amount of ATP that can be resynthesized by anaerobic system might result in an inaccurate estimative [6]. Alternative methods using whole-body physiological variables have been proposed in order to estimate the anaerobic system contribution (ALMET and LAMET) during dynamic exercises
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