Gear Material Selection Using an Integrated PSI-MOORA Method

Abstract

Any functional component of a machine must, without a doubt, be made of the best materials available. When selecting materials, decision-makers must consider a variety of factors, such as physical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics, form, pricing, and availability of the materials. Mechanical characteristics are perhaps the most essential factor among the several variables involved in selecting materials for machine elements. The inappropriate or incorrect selection might result in product failure and significant financial loss. Gears are essential components in any geared drive used in various machines and systems; thus, manufacturers must design and produce gears that fulfill functional requirements and work circumstances. This study aims to evaluate different gear materials to identify the optimal material for gears utilizing MOORA (“multi-objective optimization based on ratio analysis”). Nine structural materials are evaluated for the optimal gear material, along with evaluation criteria such as surface and core harnesses, surface and bending fatigue limits, and ultimate tensile strength. The PSI (“preference selection index”) approach is employed to weight the criteria. Among the materials investigated for gear manufacturing, carburized steel has been judged to be the best. The results obtained are contrasted with earlier research findings and shown to be in close conformity.